The European Commission’s Safety Gate report showed a sharp rise in alerts for dangerous cosmetic products across the EU in 2024. Cosmetics became the most frequently reported product category, accounting for 36% of all alerts. The report recorded 4,137 alerts in total, which marked the highest annual number since the system launched in 2003. Many of the cosmetic alerts were linked to banned synthetic fragrance BMHCA, also known as Lilial, which has been prohibited in the EU since March 2022.
Cosmetics lead EU safety alerts
According to the report, cosmetics represented more than one-third of all product notifications submitted through Safety Gate. Authorities flagged products containing substances banned under the EU Cosmetics Regulation.
BMHCA appeared in a large share of the alerts. The ingredient has been linked to risks involving the reproductive system and can cause skin sensitization. Products containing the substance are no longer allowed to be sold within the EU market.
The report mentioned that several cosmetic products still entered the market despite existing restrictions. National authorities responded with recalls, withdrawals, and warnings to consumers.
Nail products and TPO concerns
Nail products were another area highlighted in the report. Safety concerns focused on Trimethylbenzoyl Diphenylphosphine Oxide, known as TPO. The ingredient became prohibited in cosmetics sold in the EU from September 2025.
TPO has been associated with reproductive toxicity concerns and allergic skin reactions. Authorities identified nail gels and similar products containing the ingredient during market inspections.
Online sales remain a challenge
The report noted that online marketplaces continue creating compliance issues for regulators. Products sold through digital platforms can move across borders quickly, making enforcement more difficult.
Authorities across EU member states worked together through the Safety Gate system to identify unsafe products and share alerts faster. The system allows countries to exchange information about dangerous non-food products found on the market.
Pressure on beauty brands
The growing number of alerts is increasing pressure on cosmetic companies to strengthen product safety and regulatory compliance. Recalls and public warnings can affect consumer trust, especially in categories linked to personal care and skin contact products.
The report suggested that stricter ingredient monitoring and stronger compliance processes are becoming more important for brands operating within the European cosmetics market.
